Computer Science / Artificial Intelligence

Enhancing Temporal Awareness in LLMs for Temporal Point Processes

February 09, 2026

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Title: Enhancing Temporal Awareness in LLMs for Temporal Point Processes
ArXiv ID: 2601.00845
Date: 2025-12-29
Authors: Lili Chen, Wensheng Gan, Shuang Liang, Philip S. Yu

📝 Abstract

Temporal point processes (TPPs) are crucial for analyzing events over time and are widely used in fields such as finance, healthcare, and social systems. These processes are particularly valuable for understanding how events unfold over time, accounting for their irregularity and dependencies. Despite the success of large language models (LLMs) in sequence modeling, applying them to temporal point processes remains challenging. A key issue is that current methods struggle to effectively capture the complex interaction between temporal information and semantic context, which is vital for accurate event modeling. In this context, we introduce TPP-TAL (Temporal Point Processes with Enhanced Temporal Awareness in LLMs), a novel plug-and-play framework designed to enhance temporal reasoning within LLMs. Rather than using the conventional method of simply concatenating event time and type embeddings, TPP-TAL explicitly aligns temporal dynamics with contextual semantics before feeding this information into the LLM. This alignment allows the model to better perceive temporal dependencies and long-range interactions between events and their surrounding contexts. Through comprehensive experiments on several benchmark datasets, it is shown that T...

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Enhancing Temporal Awareness in LLMs for Temporal Point Processes

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