Quantum/Relativistic Computation of Security and Efficiency of Electrical Power System for a Day-Ahead

Prediction and planning is the highest Smart Grid intelligence level (NEMA, 2009). The EPS automatic analysis is performed on this level in order to enhance the system leading. This includes any system-wide application of advanced control technologies, such as devices and algorithms that will analyze, diagnose, and predict conditions and take appropriate corrective actions to eliminate, mitigate, and prevent outages and power quality disturbances. Exterior factors, such as the current and potential state of the EPS environment, could be factors at these new technologies. Resource management, timing, and using the external variables are characteristics of (NEMA, 2009) prediction and planning in Smart Grid.

The central unit, which predicts and plans in the Smart Grid, is a monitor for the EPS probabilistic reliability (Sobajic, 2003) as well a watch (Sobajic and Douglas, 2004).

Assessment of this unit is upon the criteria for the Smart Grid assessment by (Scott, 2009). This is assessment for the predicting and planning complexity.

The objective of quantum/relativistic computation of the EPS security and efficiency is to build ‘Daily Artificial Dispatcher’ (DAD), i.e. a Smart Grid central unit that predicts and plans for a day-ahead.

Quantum/relativistic computation of security and efficiency of EPS will be done as regularized computation by (Manin, 2009a) and (Manin, 2009b). This means that the security and efficiency of the power system will be sought by perturbative renormalization of the EPS for a day ahead. Because of that, DAD will be built as harmonic composition of predicting for day-ahead programs. Here the predicting for a day-ahead program is a description of method for calculating the predicting for a day-ahead function, according to (Manin, 2009a) and (Manin, 2009b). This harmonic composition is a stable structure of synchronized, predicting day-ahead programs.

DAD will be searched for as a post modern fairy tale by (Lyotard, 1993), which to organize these predicting for a day ahead programs. This post modern fairy tale generates (Losh, 2007;Moslehi, 2010) Smart Grid.

DAD, obtained by regularized computation and presented as a postmodern fairy tale, is according to (Riedl and Young, 2006), a hermeneutic network by (Zhu and Harrell, 2009). Then DAD solves the problem for security and efficiency of the EPS for a day ahead in terms of Pascual-Leone. Indeed, the hermeneutic network is the solution of the problem in terms of Pascual-Leone, according to (Shannon, 2008). The reliability and capacity of this hermeneutic network determine the security and efficiency of the EPS for a day ahead. This security and this efficiency are recognized as a decoupled fixed point of the regularized computation, according to (Manin, 2009a, b) and (Jerome, 2002).

Chapter I. RENORMALIZATION 1. EPS LOAD ENERGY RENORMALIZATION 1. Virtual thermalization of the ‘Elastic/Plastic’ model of the ‘EPS -Market’ system provides the EPS critical load.

Critical change of the EPS daily load is the result from linear and nonlinear operation with boundary power of the thermal weather machine having cold and hot heat source. The boundary power and entropy production of the thermal machine with cold and hot source, in linear and nonlinear operating mode, are found according to (Tsirlin, 1997).

This critical change of the load and this critical change in entropy are observed holographically (Hartnoll, 2011) as surface water waves.

Total critical change in the load (Bruno, 1998) is obtained by the surface water waves.

Calibration of this general critical change is done through the results for the average load change by (Rahman, 1990) and (Bunn and Farmer, 1985). This total critical change develops at the speed of shock water wave (Comets, 1991) and travels, per unit of time, the distance between the atoms of a molecule (Domenicano and Hargittai, 1992). This molecule is observed at the holographic screen.

The distance, traveled per unit of time for the total critical change, is the path of the open thermodynamic system, corresponding to EPS (Stefanov, 2006).

Energy rotation in EPS is a degenerative mode in the ring of three Van der Pol oscillators (Ookawara and Endo, 1998). These three oscillators are defined by angular frequencies of the EPS model by (Stefanov, 2001) and (Stefanov, 2003).

The oscillators’ inductance is derived from the synchronization in the ring. The oscillator resistances are determined as the weights of the expected loads of Regional Dispatching Centers, in regard to the total expected EPS load. Resistance and inductance calibration is done according the results by (Zhong et al., 1998) and by (Ookawara and Endo, 1998).

The expected mode length in the ring is calculated as a path by (Stefanov, 2006). The expected droop is determined from the results in the same paper.

Specifying the expected loads in EPS and the EPS expected angular frequencies is modeled as a Hamiltonian invariance of the system ‘EPS-Mark

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