Hierarchy of quantum correlations in qubit-qutrit axially symmetric states

We investigate quantum correlations in a hybrid qubit-qutrit system subject to both axial and planar single-ion anisotropies, dipolar spin-spin interactions, and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) coupling. Using Negativity, Measurement-Induced Non-locality (MIN), Uncertainty-Induced Nonlocality (UIN), and Bell nonlocality (as quantified by the CHSH inequality) as measures, we analyze the interplay between anisotropy parameters, magnetic fields, and temperature on the survival of quantum correlations. Our results demonstrate that Bell nonlocality and entanglement (Negativity) are highly sensitive to temperature and anisotropy, exhibiting sudden death under thermal noise, whereas MIN and UIN are significantly more robust. In particular, these discord-like and information-theoretic measures provide the largest baseline and persist even in parameter regions where entanglement vanishes, highlighting their suitability as a quantumness witness in realistic conditions. Notably, our Bell nonlocality study is tailored to the asymmetric qubit-qutrit setting by exploiting a recently developed qubit-qudit CHSH maximization framework. However, Bell nonlocality is confirmed to be the most fragile, surviving only in narrow parameter windows at low temperature. A key finding of this work is that we observe the fragility hierarchy: Bell nonlocality $\subseteq$ Negativity $\subseteq$ UIN(MIN) in the qubit-qutrit setting. These results provide deeper insight into the relative robustness of distinct quantum resources in anisotropic qubit-qutrit models, suggesting that quantum discord-like measures, such as MIN and UIN, may serve as more practical resources than entanglement for quantum information tasks in thermally active spin systems.

💡 Research Summary

This paper presents a comprehensive study of quantum correlations in a hybrid qubit–qutrit (spin‑½ ⊗ spin‑1) system that respects axial symmetry. The authors consider a physically realistic Hamiltonian that includes longitudinal magnetic fields acting on each subsystem (B₁, B₂), XXZ‑type exchange couplings (J, J_z), uniaxial and planar single‑ion anisotropies (K, K₁), a bi‑quadratic anisotropy term (K₂), a Dzyaloshinskii‑Moriya interaction along the z‑axis (D_z), and higher‑order three‑spin couplings (Γ, Λ). The axial‑symmetry condition