Nonreciprocity induced spatiotemporal chaos: Reactive vs dissipative routes

Nonreciprocal interactions fundamentally alter the collective dynamics of nonlinear oscillator networks. Here we investigate Stuart-Landau oscillators on a ring with nonreciprocal reactive or dissipative couplings combined with Kerr-type or dissipative nonlinearities. Through numerical simulations and linear analysis, we uncover two distinct and universal pathways by which enhanced nonreciprocity drives spatiotemporal chaos. Nonreciprocal reactive coupling with Kerr-type nonlinearity amplifies instabilities through growth-rate variations, while nonreciprocal dissipative coupling with Kerr-type nonlinearity broadens eigenfrequency distributions and destroys coherence, which, upon nonlinear saturation, evolve into fully developed chaos. In contrast, dissipative nonlinearities universally suppress chaos, enforcing bounded periodic states. Our findings establish a minimal yet general framework that goes beyond case-specific models and demonstrate that nonreciprocity provides a universal organizing principle for the onset and control of spatiotemporal chaos in oscillator networks and related complex systems.

💡 Research Summary

The paper investigates how nonreciprocal (asymmetric) interactions shape the emergence of spatiotemporal chaos in networks of nonlinear oscillators. Using a minimal model of Stuart‑Landau oscillators placed on a one‑dimensional ring, the authors explore four representative configurations obtained by combining two types of coupling (reactive vs. dissipative) with two types of nonlinearity (Kerr‑type vs. dissipative). The governing equation for each oscillator is
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