When Coincidence has Meaning: Understanding Emergence Through Networks of Information Token Recurrence

In this paper I conceptualise a novel approach for capturing coincidences between events that have not necessarily an observed causal relationship. Building on the Transcendental Information Cascades approach I outline a tensor theory of the interaction between rare micro-level events and macro-level system changes. Afterwards, I discuss a number of application areas that are promising candidates for the validation of the theoretical assumptions outlined here in practice. This is preliminary work that is sought to lay the foundation to discover universal mathematical properties of coincidences that have a measurable impact on the macroscopic state of a complex system and are therefore to be considered meaningful.