Modeling The Adaption Rule in Context-aware Systems

📝 Abstract

Context awareness is increasingly gaining applicability in interactive ubiquitous mobile computing systems. Each context-aware application has its own set of behaviors to react to context modifications. This paper is concerned with the context modeling and the development methodology for context-aware systems. We proposed a rule-based approach and use the adaption tree to model the adaption rule of context-aware systems. We illustrate this idea in an arithmetic game application.

💡 Analysis

Context awareness is increasingly gaining applicability in interactive ubiquitous mobile computing systems. Each context-aware application has its own set of behaviors to react to context modifications. This paper is concerned with the context modeling and the development methodology for context-aware systems. We proposed a rule-based approach and use the adaption tree to model the adaption rule of context-aware systems. We illustrate this idea in an arithmetic game application.

📄 Content

MODELING THE ADAPTION RULE IN CONTEXT- AWARE SYSTEMS
Mao Zheng1, Qian Xu2 and Hao Fan3 1Department of Computer Science, University of Wisconsin-LaCrosse, LaCrosse, USA mzheng@uwlax.edu 2Amazon, Seattle, USA xqia@amazon.com
3School of Information Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China hfan@whu.edu.cn

ABSTRACT Context awareness is increasingly gaining applicability in interactive ubiquitous mobile computing systems. Each context-aware application has its own set of behaviors to react to context modifications. This paper is concerned with the context modeling and the development methodology for context-aware systems. We proposed a rule-based approach and use the adaption tree to model the adaption rule of context-aware systems. We illustrate this idea in an arithmetic game application. KEYWORDS Ubiquitous Mobile Computing; Context; Context-awareness; Rule-based Approach; Adaption Tree

1. INTRODUCTION Our world gets more connected everyday. These connections are driven in part by the changing market of smartphones and tablets. Pervasive computing environments are fast becoming a reality. The term “pervasive”, introduced first by Weiser [1], refers to the seamless integration of devices into the user’s everyday life. One field in the wide range of pervasive computing is the so-called context-aware system. Context-aware systems are able to adapt their operations to the current context without an explicit user intervention and thus aim at increasing usability and effectiveness by taking environmental context into account. Each context-aware application has its own set of behaviors to react to context modifications. Hence, every software engineer needs to clearly understand the goal of the development and to categorize the context in the application. We incorporate context-based modifications into the appearance or the behavior of the interface, either at the design time or at the run time. In this paper, we present application behavior adaption to the context modification via a context-based user interface in a mobile application, arithmetic game. The application’s mobile user interface (MUI) will be automatically adapted based on the context information.

The user interface (UI) can include many features such as font color, sound level, data entry, etc. Every feature has some variables. For example, data entry can be done using typing, voice and tapping. From the designer’s perspective, the adaptability of these features is planned either at the design time or during the runtime. Through the literature study, we proposed a rule-based approach model, and used an adaption tree to present this model. The adaption tree is what we named in our methodology. It is based on the extension of a decision table, the decision tree. We use the adaption tree to represent the adaption of the mobile device user interface to various context information. The context includes the user’s domain information and dynamic environmental changes. Each path in the adaption tree, from the root to the leaf, presents an adaption rule. To illustrate our methodology, we implemented a context-aware application in the Android platform, the arithmetic game application.

There are two major platforms in the mobile device community: iOS and Android. This project chose Android development mainly for the reason of its openness. In addition, all the tools in the Android development are free and no special hardware is required.

The rest of the paper is organized as follows: in Section 2 we compare how our views are similar to other researchers and how they are different. Section 3, we briefly describe the arithmetic game application. Section 4 presents the rule-based approach and the fundamental concepts of the adaption tree. Section 5 discusses the development of the arithmetic game based on the adaption tree. Section 6 concludes the paper and outlines the directions of our on-going research. 2. Related Work

Some researchers define context as the user’s physical, social, emotional or informational state, or as the subset of physical and conceptual states of interest to a particular entity [2]. The authors in [2] have presented the definition or interpretation of the term by various researchers, including Schilit and Theimer [3], Brown et al. [4], Ryan et al. [5], Dey [6], Franklin & Flaschbart [7], Ward et al. [8], Rodden et al. [9], Hull et al. [10], and Pascoe [11]. In Dey and Abowd [2], the authors are interested in context-aware systems, and so they focused on characterizing the term itself. In Pascoe [11], the author’s interest is wearable computers, so his view of context is based on environmental parameters as perceived by the senses. Our work depends on the internal sensors of a mobile device, and the adaption of the mobile user interface features for both entering and accessing data. Our mo

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