Large Language Models and multi-agent systems have shown promise in decomposing complex tasks, yet they struggle with long-horizon reasoning tasks and escalating computation cost. This work introduces a hierarchical multi-agent architecture that dist
Several works in the last few years devoted to measure fundamental probes of contemporary cosmology have suggested the existence of a delocalized dominant component (the 'dark energy'), in addition to the several-decade-old evidence for 'dark matter'
Network weights can be reverse-engineered given enough informative samples of a network's input-output function. In a teacher-student setup, this translates into collecting a dataset of the teacher mapping -querying the teacher -and fitting a student
This chapter seeks to frame the elemental and invisible problems of AI and big data in the African context by examining digital sites and infrastructure through the lens of power and interests. It will present reflections on how these sites are using
Data governance ensures data quality, security, and compliance through policies and standards, a critical foundation for scaling modern AI development. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a promising solution for automating data go
We present a unique system for large-scale, multi-performer, high resolution 4D volumetric capture providing realistic free-viewpoint video up to and including 4K resolution facial closeups. To achieve this, we employ a novel volumetric capture, reco
XTE J1818-245 is an X-ray nova that experienced an outburst in 2005, first seen by the RXTE satellite. The source was observed simultaneously at various wavelengths up to soft gamma-rays with the INTEGRAL satellite, from 2005 February to September. X
We analyzed the frequency domain of time series of simulated ZZ Ceti light-curves to investigate the detectability and period recovery performance of short period variables (periods < 2 hours) for the Gaia mission. In our analysis, first we used a no
Using an AI assistant, we developed a method for systematically constructing controlled natural language for requirements based on formal specification patterns containing logical attributes. The method involves three stages: 1) compiling a generaliz
This paper proposes a competitive and computationally efficient approach to probabilistic rainfall nowcasting. A video projector (V-JEPA Vision Transformer) associated to a lightweight probabilistic head is attached to a pre-trained satellite vision
Diffusion Language Models (dLLMs) have emerged as promising alternatives to Auto-Regressive (AR) models. While recent efforts have validated their pre-training potential and accelerated inference speeds, the post-training landscape for dLLMs remains
Black-box AI (BBAI) systems such as foundational models are increasingly being used for sequential decision making. To ensure that such systems are safe to operate and deploy, it is imperative to develop efficient methods that can provide a sound and
We study possible correlations between ultrahigh energy cosmic rays (UHECRs), observed by Auger, AGASA and Yakutsk, and nearby active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and Fermi sources. We consider the deflection effects by a Galactic magnetic field (GMF) mo
Here we show a photonic design for tunable dual-wavelength generation deploying optical nonlinear mode coupling of two coupled III-V semiconductor microring resonators (MRRs) connected to a pump and drop waveguide buses. Here one of the two rings con
Let G be a finite group and Y a G -gerbe over an orbifold B . A disconnected orbifold hat{Y} and a flat U(1)-gerbe c on hat{Y} is canonically constructed from Y . Motivated by a proposal in physics, we study a mathematical duality betwee
We investigate the slow time scales that arise from aging of the paths during the process of path aggregation. This is studied using Monte-Carlo simulations of a model aiming to describe the formation of fascicles of axons mediated by contact axon-ax
Molecular-dynamics algorithms for systems of particles interacting through discrete or 'hard' potentials are fundamentally different to the methods for continuous or 'soft' potential systems. Although many software packages have been developed for co
This paper investigates the inelastic response of a yielding structure coupled with a rocking wall which can be vertically restrained. The paper first derives the nonlinear equations of motion of a yielding oscillator coupled with a vertically restra
Hierarchical Matrix (H-matrix) is an approximation technique which splits a target dense matrix into multiple submatrices, and where a selected portion of submatrices are low-rank approximated. The technique substantially reduces both time and space
The pivot algorithm for self-avoiding walks has been implemented in a manner which is dramatically faster than previous implementations, enabling extremely long walks to be efficiently simulated. We explicitly describe the data structures and algorit
Generating medical reports from chest X-ray images is a critical and time-consuming task for radiologists, especially in emergencies. To alleviate the stress on radiologists and reduce the risk of misdiagnosis, numerous research efforts have been ded
In this paper, we consider anisotropic diffusion with decay, and the diffusivity coefficient to be a second-order symmetric and positive definite tensor. It is well-known that this particular equation is a second-order elliptic equation, and satisfie
ASD is a complicated neurodevelopmental disorder marked by variation in symptom presentation and neurological underpinnings, making early and objective diagnosis extremely problematic. This paper presents a Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) model, in
IT offers some benefits and collaborations in various sectors. This research focuses on exploring higher education subjects via social technology, YouTube. YouTube is the world largest video based contents application in the world. Current learning m
Low-Mass X-ray Binaries (LMXRBs), believed to be the progenitors of recycled millisecond pulsars (MSPs), occur abundantly in globular clusters (GCs). GCs are therefore expected to host large numbers of MSPs. This is also confirmed observationally. Th
With a view towards understanding why undesirable outcomes often arise in ICT projects, we draw attention to three aspects in this essay. First, we present several examples to show that incorporating an ethical framework in the design of an ICT syste
Volume containing the Late-Breaking Abstracts submitted to the Evo 2025 Conference, held in Trieste (Italy) from April 23rd to 25th. These extended abstracts showcase ongoing research and preliminary findings exploring the application of various Bio
We study evolution of isolated neutron stars on long time scale and calculate distribution of these sources in the main evolutionary stages: Ejector, Propeller, Accretor, and Georotator. We compare different initial magnetic field distributions takin
We give a simple polynomial-time algorithm to exactly count the number of Euler Tours (ETs) of any Eulerian generalized series-parallel graph, and show how to adapt this algorithm to exactly sample a random ET of the given generalized series-parallel
Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly permeating healthcare, from physician assistants to consumer applications. Since AI algorithm's opacity challenges human interaction, explainable AI (XAI) addresses this by providing AI decision-making ins
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) often lack interfaces for remote debugging. Thus, fault diagnosis and troubleshooting are conducted at the deployment site. Currently, WSN operators lack dedicated tools that aid them in this process. Therefore, we int
Since the emergence of joint-stock companies, financial fraud by listed firms has repeatedly undermined capital markets. Fraud is difficult to detect because of covert tactics and the high labor and time costs of audits. Traditional statistical model
We present proofs of basic results, including those developed by Harold Bell, for the plane fixed point problem: does every map of a non-separating plane continuum have a fixed point? Some of these results had been announced much earlier by Bell but
In our former work [K. Tadaki, Local Proceedings of CiE 2008, pp.425-434, 2008], we developed a statistical mechanical interpretation of algorithmic information theory by introducing the notion of thermodynamic quantities at temperature T, such as fr
A metabolic model can be represented as bipartite graph comprising linked reaction and metabolite nodes. Here it is shown how a network of conserved fluxes can be assigned to the edges of such a graph by combining the reaction fluxes with a conserved
Local reasoning about programs exploits the natural local behaviour common in programs by focussing on the footprint - that part of the resource accessed by the program. We address the problem of formally characterising and analysing the footprint no
Because contemporary large software systems are pervasively inconsistent, it is not safe to reason about them using classical logic. The goal of Direct Logic is to be a minimal fix to classical mathematical logic that meets the requirements of large-
This study investigates how generative AI systems interpret the architectural intelligence embedded in vernacular form. Using the Iranian pigeon tower as a case study, the research tests three diffusion models, Midjourney v6, DALL-E 3, and DreamStudi
Image manipulation localization (IML) faces a fundamental trade-off between minimizing annotation cost and achieving fine-grained localization accuracy. Existing fully-supervised IML methods depend heavily on dense pixel-level mask annotations, which
Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) remains a leading cause of preventable blindness, with early detection critical for reducing vision loss worldwide. Over the past decade, deep learning has transformed DR screening, progressing from early convolutional neura
Long-video understanding remains a significant challenge for Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) due to inherent token limitations and the complexity of capturing long-term temporal dependencies. Existing methods often fail to capture the global
The 0/1 multidimensional knapsack problem is the 0/1 knapsack problem with m constraints which makes it difficult to solve using traditional methods like dynamic programming or branch and bound algorithms. We present a genetic algorithm for the multi
G'odel's second incompleteness theorem is proved for Herbrand consistency of some arithmetical theories with bounded induction, by using a technique of logarithmic shrinking the witnesses of bounded formulas, due to Z. Adamowicz [Herbrand consistency
Feature transformation enhances downstream task performance by generating informative features through mathematical feature crossing. Despite the advancements in deep learning, feature transformation remains essential, particularly for structured dat
We introduce hierarchical neighbor graphs, a new architecture for connecting ad hoc wireless nodes distributed in a plane. The structure has the flavor of hierarchical clustering and requires only local knowledge and minimal computation at each node
The concept of a protein diffusing in its free energy folding landscape has been fruitful for both theory and experiment. Yet the choice of the reaction coordinate (RC) introduces an undesirable degree of arbitrariness into the problem. We analyze ex
How can neural networks evolve themselves without relying on external optimizers? We propose Self-Referential Graph HyperNetworks, systems where the very machinery of variation and inheritance is embedded within the network. By uniting hypernetworks,
Real world image super-resolution (Real-ISR) often leverages the powerful generative priors of text-to-image diffusion models by regularizing the output to lie on their learned manifold. However, existing methods often overlook the importance of the
In the outer solar system beyond Jupiter, water ice is a dominant component of planetary bodies, and most solid objects in this region are classified as icy bodies. Icy bodies display a remarkable diversity of geological, geophysical, and atmospheric
We analyze the recently published Fermi-LAT diffuse gamma-ray measurements in the context of leptonically annihilating or decaying dark matter (DM) with the aim to explain simultaneously the isotropic diffuse gamma-ray and the PAMELA, Fermi and HESS
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