This paper argues that the principal difference between decision aids and most other types of information systems is the greater reliance of decision aids on fallible algorithms--algorithms that sometimes generate incorrect advice. It is shown that interactive problem solving with a decision aid tha
Surely we want solid foundations. What kind of castle can we build on sand? What is the point of devoting effort to balconies and minarets, if the foundation may be so weak as to allow the structure to collapse of its own weight? We want our foundations set on bedrock, designed to last for generatio
Recent frequency-modulated atomic force microscopy (FM-AFM) can measure three-dimensional force distribution between a probe and a sample surface in liquid. The force distribution is, in the present circumstances, assumed to be solvation structure on the sample surface, because the force distributio
We extend the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), an asymptotic approximation for the marginal likelihood, to Bayesian networks with hidden variables. This approximation can be used to select models given large samples of data. The standard BIC as well as our extension punishes the complexity of a
The process of browsing Search Results is one of the major problems with traditional Web search engines for English, European, and any other languages generally, and for Arabic Language particularly. This process is absolutely time consuming and the browsing style seems to be unattractive. Organizin
While well-known methods to list the intersections of either a list of segments or a complex polygon aim at achieving optimal time-complexity they often do so at the cost of memory comsumption and complex code. Real-life software optimisation however lies in optimising at the same time speed and mem
The font recognition and character extraction is of immense importance as these are many scenarios where data are in such a form, which cannot be processed like in image form or as a hard copy. So the procedure developed in this paper is basically related to identifying the font (Times New Roman, Ar
Here we use Drosophila melanogaster to create a genetic model of human permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus and present experimental results describing dimensions of this complexity. The approach involves the transgenic expression of a misfolded mutant of human preproinsulin, hINSC96Y, which is a ca
The identification of the H3K4 trimethylase, PRDM9, as the gene responsible for recombination hotspot localization has provided considerable insight into the mechanisms by which recombination is initiated in mammals. However, uniquely amongst mammals, canids appear to lack a functional version of PR
Social networks provide a new perspective for enterprises to better understand their customers and have attracted substantial attention in industry. However, inferring high quality customer social networks is a great challenge while there are no explicit customer relations in many traditional OLTP e
This paper tries to determine the origin of springs on the Costa Verde beach, located in the district of Barranco, Miraflores and Magdalena, province of Lima, Peru. These springs emerge near the shoreline, from the lower layers of a 80 meter high cliff. They have survived the process of urbanization
Integer factorization is one of the vital algorithms discussed as a part of analysis of any black-box cipher suites where the cipher algorithm is based on number theory. The origin of the problem is from Discrete Logarithmic Problem which appears under the analysis of the crypto-graphic algorithms a
Analysis of network dynamics became a focal point to understand and predict changes of complex systems. Here we introduce Turbine, a generic framework enabling fast simulation of any algorithmically definable dynamics on very large networks. Using a perturbation transmission model inspired by commun
When external stresses in a system - physical, social or virtual - are relieved through impulsive events, it is natural to focus on the attributes of these avalanches. However, during the quiescent periods in between, stresses may be relieved through competing processes, such as slowly flowing water
Removing or repairing the imperfections of a digital images or videos is a very active and attractive field of research belonging to the image inpainting technique. This later has a wide range of applications, such as removing scratches in old photographic image, removing text and logos or creating
The Semantic Web works on the existing Web which presents the meaning of information as well-defined vocabularies understood by the people. Semantic Search, at the same time, works on improving the accuracy if a search by understanding the intent of the search and providing contextually relevant res
In this paper the theory of semi-bounded rationality is proposed as an extension of the theory of bounded rationality. In particular, it is proposed that a decision making process involves two components and these are the correlation machine, which estimates missing values, and the causal machine, w
Motivation: Transcriptome sequencing has long been the favored method for quickly and inexpensively obtaining the sequences for a large number of genes from an organism with no reference genome. With the rapidly increasing throughputs and decreasing costs of next generation sequencing, RNA-Seq has g
In agreement with the recent research findings in the econophysics, we propose that the nonlinear dynamic chaos can be generated by the turbulent capital flows in both the quantitative easing transmission channels and the transaction networks channels, when there are the laminar turbulent capital fl
Whenever a visualization researcher is asked about the purpose of visualization, the phrase 'gaining insight' by and large pops out instinctively. However, it is not absolutely factual that all uses of visualization are for gaining a deep understanding, unless the term insight is broadened to encomp
The present study aims at integrating drug-releasing materials with signal-processing biocomputing systems. Enzymes alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST)---biomarkers for liver injury---were logically processed by a biocatalytic cascade realizing Boolean AND gate. Citrate produ
This paper discusses a vision based health monitoring system which would be very easy in use and deployment. Elder and sick people who are not able to talk or walk they are dependent on other human beings for their daily needs and need continuous monitoring. The developed system provides facility to
An enhanced approach for network monitoring is to create a network monitoring tool that has artificial intelligence characteristics. There are a number of approaches available. One such approach is by the use of a combination of rule based, fuzzy logic and neural networks to create a hybrid ANFIS sy
Todays, Intelligent and web-based E-Learning is one of the important area in E-Learning. This paper integrates an intelligent and web-based E-Learning with expert system technology to be able to model the learning styles of the learners using Jackson's model. It is intelligent because it can interac
Although it has been evidenced that DNA computing is able to solve the graph coloring problem in a polynomial time complexity, but the exponential solution space is still a restrictive factor in applying this technique for solving really large problems. In this paper a modified DNA computing approac
Classification of satellite images is a key component of many remote sensing applications. One of the most important products of a raw satellite image is the classified map which labels the image pixels into meaningful classes. Though several parametric and non-parametric classifiers have been devel
Cloud computing platform gives people the opportunity for sharing resources, services and information among the people of the whole world. In private cloud system, information is shared among the persons who are in that cloud. Presently, different types of internet based systems are running in Cloud
Digital multimedia watermarking technology was suggested in the last decade to embed copyright information in digital objects such images, audio and video. However, the increasing use of relational database systems in many real-life applications created an ever increasing need for watermarking datab
In the current world of economic crises, the cost control is one of the chief concerns for all types of industries, especially for the small venders. The small vendors are suppose to minimize their budget on Information Technology by reducing the initial investment in hardware and costly database se
Nowadays, with the rapid growth of cloud computing, many industries are going to move their computing activities to clouds. Researchers of virtual learning are also looking for the ways to use clouds through mobile platforms. This paper offers a model to accompany the benefits of 'Mobile Intelligent
The main objective of this article is to provide an overview of P2P based Video-on-Demand and live streaming services. The article starts with an introduction to media streaming and its simplified architecture. Various solutions offering video streaming in the context of widespread usage of Internet
Steganography is the science of invisible communication. The purpose of Steganography is to maintain secret communication between two parties. The secret information can be concealed in content such as image, audio, or video. This paper provides a novel image steganography technique to hide multiple
Todays, Intelligent and web-based E-learning is one of regarded topics. So researchers are trying to optimize and expand its application in the field of education. The aim of this paper is developing of E-learning software which is customizable, dynamic, intelligent and adaptive with Pedagogy view f
Nowadays, Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) are so regarded in order to improve education quality via new technologies in this area. One of the problems is that the language of ITSs is different from the learner's. It forces the learners to learn the system language. This paper tries to remove thi
A new method has been developed at the Siberian Research Institute of Metrology (SNIIM) for highly accurate prediction of UT1 and Pole coordinates. The method is based on construction of a general polyharmonic model of the variations of the Earth rotation parameters using all the data available for
Atmospheric pollution regulations have emerged as a dominant obstacle to prescribed burns. Thus, forecasting the pollution caused by wildland fires has acquired high importance. WRF and SFIRE model wildland fire spread in a two-way interaction with the atmosphere. The surface heat flux from the fire
Mobile Learning (M-Learning) is an emerging discipline in the area of education and educational technology. So researchers are trying to optimize and expanding its application in the field of education. The aim of this paper is to investigate the role of mobile devices and expert systems in dissemin
For small number of equations, systems of linear (and sometimes nonlinear) equations can be solved by simple classical techniques. However, for large number of systems of linear (or nonlinear) equations, solutions using classical method become arduous. On the other hand evolutionary algorithms have
An improvised algorithm is proposed based on the work of Yoshimoto and Harada. The improvised algorithm results a graph which is called LDGC or Logarithmic Distribution Graph of Curvature. This graph has the capability to identify the beauty of monotonic planar curves with less effort as compared to
This work is devoted to investigation of low frequency variations in Polar motion (PM). It has been shown that the main PM features can be effectively investigated using not only time series of the Pole coordinates, but also using series of latitude variations obtained from observations at one obser
X-ray fluorescence computed tomography (XFCT) and K-edge computed tomography (CT) are two important modalities to quantify a distribution of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in a small animal for preclinical studies. It is valuable to determine which modality is more efficient for a given application. In t
The spread and resonance of users' opinions on SinaWeibo, the most popular micro-blogging website in China, are tremendously influential, having significantly affected the processes of many real-world hot social events. We select 21 hot events that were widely discussed on SinaWeibo in 2011, and do
We consider the vehicle routing problem with stochastic demands (VRPSD) on tree structured networks with a single depot. The problem we are concerned with in this paper is to find a set of tours for the vehicle with minimum expected length. Every tour begins at the depot, visits a subset of customer
How are articles about art historical actors interlinked within Wikipedia? Lead by this question, we seek an overview on the link structure of a domain specific subset of Wikipedia articles. We use an established domain-specific person name authority, the Getty Union List of Artist Names (ULAN), in
In Computer Vision, colour-based spatial techniquesoften assume a static skin colour model. However, skin colour perceived by a camera can change when lighting changes. In common real environment multiple light sources impinge on the skin. Moreover, detection techniques may vary when the image under
We introduce the Anisotropic Clustering of Location Uncertainty Distributions (ACLUD) method to reconstruct active fault networks on the basis of both earthquake locations and their estimated individual uncertainties. After a massive search through the large solution space of possible reconstructed
Template-based signal detection most often relies on computing a correlation, or a dot product, between an incoming data stream and a signal template. While such a correlation results in an ongoing estimate of the magnitude of the signal in the data stream, it does not directly indicate the presence
Here we show a novel technique for comparing subject categories, where the prestige of academic journals in each category is represented statistically by an impact-factor histogram. For each subject category we compute the probability of occurrence of scholarly journals with impact factor in differe
A new game theoretical solution concept for open spectrum sharing in cognitive radio (CR) environments is presented, the Lorenz equilibrium (LE). Both Nash and Pareto solution concepts have limitations when applied to real world problems. Nash equilibrium (NE) rarely ensures maximal payoff and it is
Web sequential patterns are important for analyzing and understanding users behaviour to improve the quality of service offered by the World Wide Web. Web Prefetching is one such technique that utilizes prefetching rules derived through Cyclic Model Analysis of the mined Web sequential patterns. The
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