All posts under category "Statistics / Stat.ME"
Scargle (2000) has discussed Rosenthal and Rubin's (1978) 'fail-safe number' (FSN) method for estimating the number of unpublished studies in meta-analysis. He concluded that this FSN cannot possibly be correct because a central assumption the authors used conflicts with the very definition of publi
When a sample frequency table is published, disclosure risk arises when some individuals can be identified on the basis of their values in certain attributes in the table called key variables, and then their values in other attributes may be inferred, and their privacy is violated. On the basis of t
This paper uses Bayesian tree models for statistical benchmarking in data sets with awkward marginals and complicated dependence structures. The method is applied to a very large database on corporate performance over the last four decades. The results of this study provide a formal basis for making
In this study we illustrate a statistical approach to questioned document examination. Specifically, we consider the construction of three classifiers that predict the writer of a sample document based on categorical data. To evaluate these classifiers, we use a data set with a large number of write
Measurement involves the determination of quantitative estimates of physical quantities from experiment, along with estimates of their associated uncertainties. Herewith an experimental system model is the key to extracting information from the experimental data. The measurement information obtained
Karl Pearson played an enormous role in determining the content and organization of statistical research in his day, through his research, his teaching, his establishment of laboratories, and his initiation of a vast publishing program. His technical contributions had initially and continue today to
In this research, two-state Markov switching models are proposed to study accident frequencies and severities. These models assume that there are two unobserved states of roadway safety, and that roadway entities (e.g., roadway segments) can switch between these states over time. The states are dist
We study the problem of reconstructing a sparse signal from a limited number of its linear projections when a part of its support is known, although the known part may contain some errors. The ``known' part of the support, denoted T, may be available from prior knowledge. Alternatively, in a problem
For many diseases, logistic and other constraints often render large incidence studies difficult, if not impossible, to carry out. This becomes a drawback, particularly when a new incidence study is needed each time the disease incidence rate is investigated in a different population. However, by ca
In this article, the problem of semi-parametric inference on the parameters of a multidimensional L'{e}vy process $L_t$ with independent components based on the low-frequency observations of the corresponding time-changed L'{e}vy process $L_{mathcal{T}(t)}$, where $mathcal{T}$ is a nonnegative, nond
Jerzy Neyman's life history and some of his contributions to applied statistics are reviewed. In a 1960 article he wrote: ``Currently in the period of dynamic indeterminism in science, there is hardly a serious piece of research which, if treated realistically, does not involve operations on stochas
Howard Raiffa earned his bachelor's degree in mathematics, his master's degree in statistics and his Ph.D. in mathematics at the University of Michigan. Since 1957, Raiffa has been a member of the faculty at Harvard University, where he is now the Frank P. Ramsey Chair in Managerial Economics (Emeri
(The third edition corrects minor typos and adds 3 chapters synthesized from published papers plus an appendix on maximum entropy distributions.) The monograph investigates the misapplication of conventional statistical techniques to fat tailed distributions and looks for remedies, when possible.
Discussion of ``The William Kruskal Legacy: 1919--2005'' by Stephen E. Fienberg, Stephen M. Stigler and Judith M. Tanur [arXiv:0710.5063]
Research funding and reputation in the UK have, for over two decades, been increasingly dependent on a regular peer-review of all UK departments. This is to move to a system more based on bibliometrics. Assessment exercises of this kind influence the behavior of institutions, departments and individ
Comment on ``Boosting Algorithms: Regularization, Prediction and Model Fitting'' [arXiv:0804.2752]
We merge in this note our two discussions about the Read Paper 'Particle Markov chain Monte Carlo' (Andrieu, Doucet, and Holenstein, 2010) presented on October 16th 2009 at the Royal Statistical Society, appearing in the Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B. We also present a more detai
Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor dysfunction, psychiatric disturbances, and cognitive decline. The onset of HD is marked by severe motor impairment, which may be predicted by prior cognitive decline and, in turn, exacerbate cognitiv
Since their emergence in the 1990's, the support vector machine and the AdaBoost algorithm have spawned a wave of research in statistical machine learning. Much of this new research falls into one of two broad categories: kernel methods and ensemble methods. In this expository article, I discuss the
Rejoinder to 'Citation Statistics' [arXiv:0910.3529]
We give analytic methods for nonparametric bias reduction that remove the need for computationally intensive methods like the bootstrap and the jackknife. We call an estimate {it $p$th order} if its bias has magnitude $n_0^{-p}$ as $n_0 to infty$, where $n_0$ is the sample size (or the minimum sam
Motivated by a computer experiment for the design of a rocket booster, this paper explores nonstationary modeling methodologies that couple stationary Gaussian processes with treed partitioning. Partitioning is a simple but effective method for dealing with nonstationarity. The methodological develo
This paper gives a method for computing distributions associated with patterns in the state sequence of a hidden Markov model, conditional on observing all or part of the observation sequence. Probabilities are computed for very general classes of patterns (competing patterns and generalized later p
This work concerns estimation of linear autoregressive models with Markov-switching using expectation maximisation (E.M.) algorithm. Our method generalise the method introduced by Elliot for general hidden Markov models and avoid to use backward recursion.
Measures of linear dependence (coherence) and nonlinear dependence (phase synchronization) between any number of multivariate time series are defined. The measures are expressed as the sum of lagged dependence and instantaneous dependence. The measures are non-negative, and take the value zero only
November 27, 2004, marked the 250th anniversary of the death of Abraham De Moivre, best known in statistical circles for his famous large-sample approximation to the binomial distribution, whose generalization is now referred to as the Central Limit Theorem. De Moivre was one of the great pioneers o
This special volume of Statistical Sciences presents some innovative, if not provocative, ideas in the area of reliability, or perhaps more appropriately named, integrated system assessment. In this age of exponential growth in science, engineering and technology, the capability to evaluate the perf
This work studies the large sample properties of the posterior-based inference in the curved exponential family under increasing dimension. The curved structure arises from the imposition of various restrictions on the model, such as moment restrictions, and plays a fundamental role in econometrics
We propose a Bayesian copula-based framework to quantify clinically interpretable joint tail risks from paired continuous biomarkers. After converting each biomarker margin to rank-based pseudo-observations, we model dependence using one-parameter Archimedean copulas and focus on three probability-s
Gene-gene and gene-environment interactions are widely believed to play significant roles in explaining the variability of complex traits. While substantial research exists in this area, a comprehensive statistical framework that addresses multiple sources of uncertainty simultaneously remains lacki
What assortments (subsets of items) should be offered, to collect data for estimating a choice model over $n$ total items? We propose a structured, non-adaptive experiment design requiring only $O(log n)$ distinct assortments, each offered repeatedly, that consistently outperforms randomized and oth
We consider median regression and, more generally, a possibly infinite collection of quantile regressions in high-dimensional sparse models. In these models the overall number of regressors $p$ is very large, possibly larger than the sample size $n$, but only $s$ of these regressors have non-zero im
We propose nonparametric identification and semiparametric estimation of joint potential outcome distributions in the presence of confounding. First, in settings with observed confounding, we derive tighter, covariate-informed bounds on the joint distribution by leveraging conditional copulas. To ov
Network datasets appear across a wide range of scientific fields, including biology, physics, and the social sciences. To enable data-driven discoveries from these networks, statistical inference techniques like estimation and hypothesis testing are crucial. However, the size of modern networks ofte
Community detection, discovering the underlying communities within a network from observed connections, is a fundamental problem in network analysis, yet it remains underexplored for signed networks. In signed networks, both edge connection patterns and edge signs are informative, and structural bal
Bayesian statistics is an integral part of contemporary applied science. bayesics provides a single framework, unified in syntax and output, for performing the most commonly used statistical procedures, ranging from one- and two-sample inference to general mediation analysis. bayesics leans hard awa
Cardiovascular outcome trials commonly face competing risks when non-CV death prevents observation of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). While Cox proportional hazards models treat competing events as independent censoring, Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard models explicitly handle competing
We present a test for the problem of decentralized sequential hypothesis testing, which is asymptotically optimum. By selecting a suitable sampling mechanism at each sensor, communication between sensors and fusion center is asynchronous and limited to 1-bit data. The proposed SPRT-like test turns o
Maximum likelihood estimations for the parameters of extreme value distributions are discussed in this paper using fixed point iteration. The commonly used numerical approach for addressing this problem is the Newton-Raphson approach which requires differentiation unlike the fixed point iteration wh
Generative modeling builds on and substantially advances the classical idea of simulating synthetic data from observed samples. This paper shows that this principle is not only natural but also theoretically well-founded for bootstrap inference: it yields statistically valid confidence intervals tha
Probabilistic modeling is an effective tool for evaluating team performance and predicting outcomes in sports. However, an important question that hasn't been fully explored is whether these models can reliably reflect actual performance while assigning meaningful probabilities to rare results that
In two-phase multiwave sampling, inexpensive measurements are collected on a large sample and expensive, more informative measurements are adaptively obtained on subsets of units across multiple waves. Adaptively collecting the expensive measurements can increase efficiency but complicates statistic
This paper investigates the construction of space-filling designs for computer experiments. The space-filling property is characterized by the covering and separation radii of a design, which are integrated through the unified criterion of quasi-uniformity. We focus on a special class of designs, kn
We propose Deep Neural Coregionalization, a scalable framework for uncertainty-aware multivariate geostatistics. DNC models multivariate spatial effects through spatially varying latent factors and loadings, assigning deep Gaussian process (DGP) priors to both the factors and the entries of the load
In discriminating between objects from different classes, the more separable these classes are the less computationally expensive and complex a classifier can be used. One thus seeks a measure that can quickly capture this separability concept between classes whilst having an intuitive interpretatio
Let $X_{nr}$ be the $r$th largest of a random sample of size $n$ from a distribution $F (x) = 1 - sum_{i = 0}^infty c_i x^{-alpha - i beta}$ for $alpha > 0$ and $beta > 0$. An inversion theorem is proved and used to derive an expansion for the quantile $F^{-1} (u)$ and powers of it. From this an exp
We present a thinking on the concept of relational networks applied to the french national occupational disease surveillance and prevention network (R'eseau National de Vigilance et de Pr'evention des Pathologies Professionnelles, RNV3P). This approach consists in searching common exposures to occup
Jayaram Sethuraman was born in the town of Hubli in Bombay Province (now Karnataka State) on October 3, 1937. His early years were spent in Hubli and in 1950 his family moved to Madras (now renamed Chennai). He graduated from Madras University in 1957 with a B.Sc. (Hons) degree in statistics and he
It is often important to incorporating covariate information in the design of clinical trials. In literature, there are many designs of using stratification and covariate-adaptive randomization to balance on certain known covariate. Recently Zhang, Hu, Cheung and Chan (2007) have proposed a family o
The notion of data depth has long been in use to obtain robust location and scale estimates in a multivariate setting. The depth of an observation is a measure of its centrality, with respect to a data set or a distribution. The data depths of a set of multivariate observations translates to a cente
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